Overview & mechanism
Melanotan-1 (afamelanotide) is a linear synthetic analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. It binds the MC1 receptor on melanocytes, stimulating eumelanin production. Clinical research has explored its use in erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) to reduce phototoxic reactions. It is more selective for MC1R than Melanotan-2 and has a cleaner side-effect profile in the studies performed.
Research dose & half-life
- Half-life:
- ~1 hour (parent); pigment effects persist for weeks
- Research dose:
- Common research loading: 0.5–1 mg subcutaneous daily until desired response, then 1 mg 1–2x weekly maintenance.
Safety & side effects
Commonly reported: nausea (especially early doses), facial flushing, appetite suppression, spontaneous erections, and darkening of existing moles/freckles. Any new, changing, or asymmetric mole warrants dermatology review — MSH analogs can obscure early melanoma. Not recommended with a personal/family history of melanoma or many atypical nevi. Avoid in pregnancy. Take first doses in the evening to minimize nausea.